What is a mastectomy in pets?
A mastectomy is the surgical removal of mammary tissue in dogs and cats. A mastectomy may involve an isolated area or multiple areas along the mammary chain. Because mammary tumors in cats are considered aggressive, a radical mastectomy may be recommended to remove the entire mammary chain. This may be unilateral (one side) or bilateral (both sides).
When is a mastectomy recommended for pets?
Your veterinarian may recommend a mastectomy if a mass is found in your dog or cat’s mammary tissue. Mammary tumors are most common in unspayed female dogs, although spayed dogs can also be affected. Roughly 50% of mammary tumors in dogs are malignant (cancerous), although they are not typically fatal. Mammary tumors in cats are more likely to be malignant and spread rapidly (metastasize).
Removing a mammary tumor and surrounding tissue is the first step in treating mammary cancer. For some dogs, no additional treatment is needed.
What can I expect from my pet’s recovery?
Post-operative care after a dog or cat mastectomy includes monitoring your pet’s incision for any swelling, redness, or discharge. Pets should wear an e-collar until their sutures are removed to prevent wound infection or irritation. Be prepared to restrict your pet’s activity (no running, jumping, or stairs) to avoid complications and injury.
If your pet’s mass is sent out for pathology review, your veterinarian will follow up to discuss the results and any next steps.
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